http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/authors/read/21373 Publications by D. Lavoué en-ca 2012-01-13 12:25:17 MST 2012-01-13 12:25:17 MST webmaster@nofc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/publications?id=33061 A wildfire emission model, based on the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction System and the Canadian weather forecast Global Environmental Multiscale model, was applied to forest fires that occurred in Canada between 2000and2004. Emissions of 21 chemica lspecies and injection heights were calculated hourly for a regular0.4°grid, with injection heights corresponding to the maximum altitude reached by a convective plume overall fire every hour. Wildfire emissions were compared with anthropogenic fossil fuel combustion sources at provincial,territorial and national levels. The 2002 fire season in central Quebec accounted for ~30, 60 and 80% of the annual primary greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide and black carbon emissions respectively for that province. In 2003, fires represented 60 and 20% of greenhouse gas emissions in Manitoba and British Columbia respectively. During the 2004 fire season in north-western Canada,when area burned was above average, fires were responsible for almost all greenhouse gas emissions occurring in the sparsely populated Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. On average, between 2000and 2004,fires contributed 10,30 and 40%of Canadian annual greenhouse gases,CO and black carbon emissions respectively. This methodology for calculating wildland fire emissions is also applicable to other regions of the world. Fri, 13 Jan 2012 http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/publications?id=33061 http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/publications?id=29168 The present paper proposes an original approach to estimate gaseous and particulate emissions from boreal forest fires based on the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP) System. The FBP System permits calculation of fuel consumption and rate of spread for individual fires on an hourly basis from meteorological conditions and fuel patterns. Weather data are obtained by running the Canadian weather forecast model GEM (Global Environmental Multiscale). Hourly emission point sources can then be generated from a given wildfire database. The smoke emission model was first applied to the boreal forest fires in Quebec in the summer of 2002. Geographical distribution and temporal variability of emission amounts, as well as injection heights, were assessed hourly. In July, ¡«150 wildfires released 39 Mt of CO2 equivalent of greenhouse gases and 470 kt of fine particulate matter to the atmosphere. They contributed 32 and 5% of Quebec¡¯s and Canada¡¯s annual greenhouse gas emissions, respectively. Black carbon was estimated to account for 4% of the total fine particulate matter. Wildfires were responsible for 51 and 90% of all Canada¡¯s black carbon and particulate organic matter sources, respectively Wed, 07 Jan 2009 http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/publications?id=29168 http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/publications?id=33692 For the first time, a spatial and monthly inventory has been constructed for carbonaceous particles emitted by boreal and temperate wildfires in forests, shrublands, and grasslands, with burned area data statistics, fuel load maps, fire characteristics, and particle emission factors. The time period considered is 1960–1997, and an important year-to-year variability was observed. On average, boreal and temperate vegetation fires represent 4% of global biomass burning, but during extreme years, their contribution may reach 12%, producing 9% and 20% of black carbon (BC) and particulate organic matter (POM), respectively, emitted by worldwide fires. The North American component of the boreal forest fires (Canada and Alaska) represents 4 to 122 Gg C yr-1 of BC and 0.07 to 2.4 Tg yr-1 of POM emitted, whereas the Eurasiatic component (Russia and northern Mongolia) may vary in the 16 to 474 Gg C yr-1 range for BC and between 0.3 and 9.4 Tg yr-1 for POM, with however great uncertainty. Temperate forests in conterminous United States and Europe have a much lower contribution with an average of 11 Gg C yr-1 of BC and 0.2 Tg yr-1 of POM. Grassland fires in Mongolia represent significant BC and POM sources which may reach 62 Gg C and 0.4 Tg, respectively. Finally, an annual average of BC emissions for shrubland fires in both the Mediterranean region and California is 20 Gg C yr-1, with average POM emissions of 0.1 Tg yr-1. These source maps obtained with a high spatial resolution (lox lo) can now be added to previous ones developed for other global carbonaceous aerosol sources (fossil fuel combustion, tropical biomass burning, agricultural and domestic fires) in order to provide global maps of particulate carbon emissions. Taking into account particle injection height in relation with each type of fire, our source map is a useful tool for studying the atmospheric transport and the impact of carbonaceous aerosols in three-dimensional transport and climate models. Thu, 10 May 2012 http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/publications?id=33692